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The alignment ontology between DPPO and CEON
Release: 2026-01-23
- Revision:
- 0.1
- Authors:
- Rahel Kebede
- Contributors:
- Eva Blomqvist
- Huanyu Li
- Rahel Kebede
- Source:
- https://github.com/RichZele/DPP-DPPO-CEON-Ontology-Alignment/blob/main/documentations/DPPO-CEON.xlsx
- Download serialization:
- License:
- Visualization:
- Cite as:
- Rahel Kebede. The alignment ontology between DPPO and CEON. Revision: 0.1.
Ontology Specification Draft
The alignment ontology between DPPO and CEON: Overview back to ToC
This ontology has the following classes and properties.Classes
Object Properties
Annotation Properties
- contributor
- created
- creator
- identifier
- license
- mapping justification
- object label
- object type
- source
- subject label
- subject type
- title
Named Individuals
The alignment ontology between DPPO and CEON: Description back to ToC
This ontology represents the alignment between the Digital Product Passport Ontology (DPPO) and Circular Economy Ontology Network (CEON).Cross-reference for The alignment ontology between DPPO and CEON classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC
This section provides details for each class and property defined by The alignment ontology between DPPO and CEON.Classes
Chemical Substancec back to ToC or Class ToC
IRI: http://w3id.org/CEON/ontology/material/ChemicalSubstance
- has super-classes
- Substance c
Materialc back to ToC or Class ToC
IRI: http://w3id.org/CEON/ontology/material/Material
- is equivalent to
- Material c
Productc back to ToC or Class ToC
IRI: http://w3id.org/CEON/ontology/product/Product
- has super-classes
- Product c
Substance Of Concernc back to ToC or Class ToC
IRI: http://w3id.org/dppo/ontology/dpp-comp/SubstanceOfConcern
- has super-classes
- Chemical Entity c
Object Properties
has Product Componentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: http://w3id.org/CEON/ontology/product/hasProductComponent
- has super-properties
- has Part op
has Product Object Componentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC
IRI: http://w3id.org/CEON/ontology/product/hasProductObjectComponent
- has super-properties
- has Part op
Annotation Properties
- contributor
- created
- creator
- identifier
- license
- mapping justification
- object label
- object type
- source
- subject label
- subject type
- title
contributorap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/contributor
createdap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/created
creatorap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
identifierap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/identifier
licenseap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/license
mapping justificationap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/sssom/mapping_justification
object labelap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/sssom/object_label
object typeap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/sssom/object_type
sourceap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/source
subject labelap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/sssom/subject_label
subject typeap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/sssom/subject_type
titleap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title
Named Individuals
- D P P O C E O N 0001
- D P P O C E O N 0002
- D P P O C E O N 0003
- D P P O C E O N 0004
- D P P O C E O N 0005
- D P P O C E O N 0006
D P P O C E O N 0001ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/DPPO_CEON_0001
Both denote the generic notion of a product. DPPO’s Product is defined as the thing a DPP describes; CEON’s Product aligns with the same ISO definition. However, DPPO's Product is broad and not disjoint from material, whereas CEON's Product covers physical products but excludes materials (which CEON places under Matter). Every CEON product is therefore a DPPO product but not conversely, so the correct relation is subsumption (ceon:Product rdfs:subClassOf dppo:Product) rather than equivalence.
- Source
- https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/
- belongs to
- Mapping c
- has facts
- source ap "https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/"
- mapping justification ap Manual Mapping Curation ep
- object label ap "Product"
- object type ap Class ep
- subject label ap "Product"
- subject type ap Class ep
D P P O C E O N 0002ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/DPPO_CEON_0002
DPPO defines Material as a subclass of Product, representing e.g. a bulk material or commodity that can itself have a passport. CEON’s Material is a class under Matter, conceptually “the stuff products are made of.” Despite the hierarchy difference, these classes refer to the same real-world category (materials like steel, plastic, wood). We align dppo:Material to ceon-material:Material as equivalent in intention, with the caveat that in CEON a Material is not a Product. In practice, this means if a DPP instance is typed as Material, we treat it as an instance of CEON Material (and not simultaneously a CEON Product). This alignment is semantically sound: DPP’s broad notion of product covers materials, but when translating to CEON, we cast those to the Material branch. This is a specialization alignment, effectively partitioning DPP’s Product category into CEON’s Product vs Material depending on the instance’s DPP subtype.
- Source
- https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/
- belongs to
- Mapping c
- has facts
- source ap "https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/"
- mapping justification ap Manual Mapping Curation ep
- object label ap "Material"
- object type ap Class ep
- subject label ap "Material"
- subject type ap Class ep
D P P O C E O N 0003ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/DPPO_CEON_0003
DPPO uses Substance for basic chemical entities (elements or compounds) that might appear in a product’s composition or as regulated substances. CEON explicitly defines ChemicalSubstance and ChemicalElement classes. This can be seen as a specialization of DPPO's Substance class.
- Source
- https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/
- belongs to
- Mapping c
- has facts
- source ap "https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/"
- mapping justification ap Manual Mapping Curation ep
- object label ap "Substance"
- object type ap Class ep
- subject label ap "ChemicalSubstance"
- subject type ap Class ep
D P P O C E O N 0004ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/DPPO_CEON_0004
CEON does not have built-in classes for “substance of concern,” but DPPO defines these as special Substance subclasses per EU regulation. We align this by treating DPPO’s concern subclasses as subclasses of CEON’s ChemicalEntity or ChemicalSubstance. For example, map dppo:ToxicSubstance as subclass of ceon-material:ChemicalSubstance, and similarly for others. This maintains the intent (they are chemical substances) within CEON’s structure. The alignment type is partial: it introduces new specialization in CEON’s hierarchy. CEON’s material module can accommodate this extension (it was designed to be extended for domain-specific material classes). The mapping is justified because it enriches CEON with DPPO’s regulatory nuance – something CEON currently lacks. Conversely, from a CEON perspective, one could treat these alignments as annotations (e.g., link a substance to an external regulatory classification). But for ontology alignment, subclassing is straightforward and retains semantics (any DPP ToxicSubstance is a CEON ChemicalSubstance with an added property “is toxic” or simply by class membership).
- Source
- https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/
- belongs to
- Mapping c
- has facts
- source ap "https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/"
- mapping justification ap Manual Mapping Curation ep
- object label ap "ChemicalEntity"
- object type ap Class ep
- subject label ap "SubstanceOfConcern"
- subject type ap Class ep
D P P O C E O N 0005ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/DPPO_CEON_0005
DPPO uses one generic hasPart for products; CEON splits into model- and item-level shortcuts. Making both CEON properties subproperties of DPPO’s hasPart preserves DPPO queries and CEON’s extra precision. DPPO also infers partonomy from reified composition (see below).
- Source
- https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/
- belongs to
- Mapping c
- has facts
- source ap "https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/"
- mapping justification ap Manual Mapping Curation ep
- object label ap "hasPart"
- object type ap Object Property ep
- subject label ap "hasProductComponent"
- subject type ap Object Property ep
D P P O C E O N 0006ni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC
IRI: https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/DPPO_CEON_0006
- Source
- https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/
- belongs to
- Mapping c
- has facts
- source ap "https://w3id.org/dpp/alignment/dppo-ceon/"
- mapping justification ap Manual Mapping Curation ep
- object label ap "hasPart"
- object type ap Object Property ep
- subject label ap "hasProductObjectComponent"
- subject type ap Object Property ep
Legend back to ToC
c: Classes
op: Object Properties
ni: Named Individuals
ep: External Properties
op: Object Properties
ni: Named Individuals
ep: External Properties
Acknowledgments back to ToC
The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.